Numerous studies have linked titanium dioxide to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Genotoxicity refers to a chemical’s potential to cause DNA damage, which can, in turn, lead to cancer. Cytotoxicity is a general term that refers to a characteristic of being harmful to cells.  

Importantly, TiO2 also has a very high refractive index (its ability to scatter light), even higher than diamond. This makes it an incredibly bright substance and an ideal material for aesthetic design use.

Recent analyses of food-grade TiO₂ samples have found that a significant portion of particles may be within the nanoscale. These particles (also known as nanoparticles) range in size from 1 to 100 nm, where 1 nm equals 1 billionth of a metre (the width of a typical human hair is 80,000 to 100,000 nm).

The National Cancer Institute tested TiO₂ for possible carcinogenicity by the oral route of exposure by feeding rats and mice with TiO₂ (size not specified) at doses 25,000 or 50,000 ppm TiO₂ for 103 weeks. They concluded that TiO₂ was not carcinogenic.Also, the study with rats fed diets containing up to 5 % TiO₂ coated mica for 130 weeks showed no treatment-related carcinogenicity. Since the size and other TiO₂ properties were not specified or determined, we cannot generalize this conclusion and we have to take into account other possible outcomes of this scenario in different exposure conditions (other size/crystalline structure of TiO₂ etc.).

Overall, the precipitation of titanium dioxide is a complex process that requires careful control of various factors to achieve the desired product properties. By optimizing the precipitation percentage and carefully monitoring the precipitation process, manufacturers can produce high-quality titanium dioxide that meets the stringent requirements of their customers in the paints, coatings, plastics, and cosmetics industries.

Customer sues Mars:Skittles are 'unsafe' for consumers, lawsuit charges, because they contain 'a known toxin' 

Titanium dioxide safety is evaluated by regulatory agencies all over the world based on scientific studies.

Magnesium occurs in seawater and in ores such as dolomite (CaCO ₃ MgCO ₃), magnesite (MgCO ₃), and carnallite (MgCl ₂ KCl 6H ₂O).

Durabo White, 24.5 per cent zinc sulphide, 51 per cent barium sulphate, 18 per cent white clay, 5.5 per cent infusorial earth.

Titanium dioxide, or TiO2, sometimes referred to as E171, is an inorganic, solid substance used in a wide range of consumer goods including cosmetics, paint, plastic and food, according to the American Chemistry Council.