Paprika can be made from several different varietals of the chile pepper family Capsicum annuum, though the different peppers all tend to be of the relatively long, tapered kind with thinner flesh. Fat, thick-fleshed sweet peppers, like a standard Bell pepper that you’ll find in your average grocery store, often don’t dry well enough to make a ground product and are prone to mold. They are valued for their bright red color as much as--or even more than--their flavor. The American Spice Trade Association, or ASTA, came up with a scale to measure paprika's color. The ASTA score goes from 50-180; 85 is a standard-grade color value. As the numbers go up, the color of the paprika is more saturated and vibrant.

Even before being domesticated, six to eight thousand years ago, chilis had found a way to spread over more land and proliferate more widely by using birds as their seed carriers. Not only do birds fly and can spread the seeds over long distances but they also swallow the fruit whole, which keeps the seeds intact and allows them to germinate once they are “dropped”.

In Chinese medicine, dried red pepper pods are believed to have warming properties that can help improve circulation and digestion. They are often used in herbal remedies to alleviate symptoms of colds and flu, as well as to relieve pain and inflammation.

BLACK PEPPER