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- a. Nitrile Rubber (NBR) – this is the most commonly used material. It has good heat resistance properties and has good resistance to salt solutions, oils, hydraulic oils, and gasoline. Operating temperatures are recommended from -40 to 248⁰ F (-40 to 120 deg.C). Nitrile also functions well in a dry environment, but only for intermittent periods. The disadvantage of this material is poor chemical resistance.
R

Oil seal type or shape
Oil seal type or shape
A: with minor lip


Raise the jack to take the weight of the engine off its mountings. Make sure you do not strain the radiator hoses or other connections. If in doubt, drain the radiator and disconnect the hoses (See How to remove a car radiator ).
Before removing the cover, note the positions of any pipes and wires round it or fixed to it, which have to be removed before it can be freed.
Figure 4.4. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the surface quenched for (A) uncured rubber and (B) transmission electron microscope (TEM) image for cured rubber [64].